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This report examines the challenges and opportunities presented by women’s participation in peace and transition processes, and offers recommendations for reimagining the traditional approach to peacemaking with a view to building a more durable peace. The paper first explores the barriers to women’s participation; presents new evidence about the impact of women’s participation on the likelihood of achieving an agreement and on the durability of the peace that follows; examines models for inclusion that have been used in a variety of settings, including in the Philippines which has the highest rates of women’s participation. Finally, the report presents practical strategies to create more inclusive peace and transition processes in any context.