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This paper reviews the modalities of engagement that have been used in various peace processes to enhance women’s participation or the availability of gender expertise. It summarizes women’s demands during peace negotiations as articulated in statements and declarations, assesses the gender-related content of peace agreements, and offers recommendations for the way forward. The findings outlined here will not be news to advocates and activists, but can provide a useful reality check to donors, policy makers and those within the UN and regional organizations upon whom rests the obligation to address the disparity between the goals of resolution 1325 (2000) and the reality of women’s participation in peace processes.